Dr.M.Mazumdar

The Top 20 Figures of Speech 1. Alliteration - the repetition of an initial consonant sound. 2. Anaphora - the repetition of the same word or phrase at the beginning of successive clauses or verses. 3. Antithesis - the juxtaposition of contrasting ideas in balanced phrases. 4. Apostrophe - reaking off discourse to address some absent person or thing, some abstract quality, an inanimate object, or a nonexistent character. 5. Assonance - identity or similarity in sound between internal vowels in neighboring words. 6. Chiasmus - a verbal pattern in which the second half of an expression is balanced against the first but with the parts reversed. 7. Euphemism - the substitution of an inoffensive term for one considered offensively explicit. 8. Hyperbole - an extravagant statement; the use of exaggerated terms for the purpose of emphasis or heightened effect. 9. Irony - the use of words to convey the opposite of their literal meaning. Also, a statement or situation where the meaning is contr...

Eco-Criticism and Green Studies Egs:- Amitav Ghosh's "The Hungry Tide" Thinkers & Theorists:- Rachel Carson, Raymond Williams, William Rueckert, Cheryll Glotfelty,  Terms:- Anthropocentrism vs. Biocentrism = Human-centered vs. Life-centered ethical framework. Anthropocene (Paul Crutzen) is about human being in the center humans cause the harm. Environmental Justice = Focuses on unequal environmental impacts on marginalised communities Bioregionalism= Organising human activities around naturally - defined ecological areas. You cohabit with Nature. Wordsworth's Pantisocracy (Gary Snyder's "Turtle Island")  Wilderness= Contested concept of pristine or pure nature untouched by humans due to super coldness, etc. Like, in parts of Canada Nature-Culture Dualism= Critique of the separation between human and nonhuman worlds Posthumanism= Reconsideration of the boundaries between human and non-human beings The Anthropocene= Study of human impact as a geologica...