Dr.M.Mazumdar

1. Who is Joe Keller? A:- Joe Keller is the patriarch of the family. He worked his way up from worker to boss or owner. He owns a factory that made airplane parts for the military during World War II. 2. Justify the title. A:- Joe Keller should have thought of all the pilots who flew in planes that contained defective parts his company sold to the government were metaphorically like his sons. He had a responsibility to care for them which tragically he did not discharge. He should have put their safety above profit. So, the title is justified to pinpoint Joe's slackness and selfishness. 3. Why did Joe decide to commit suicide? A:- Joe decides to commit suicide after Chris reads aloud Larry's letter to Ann. In the letter, Larry explains to Ann that he knows his father knowingly sent out faulty plane parts. 4. Is Kate responsible for Joe's crime? A:- Joe's wife Kate holds some of the responsibility because she has known all along that Joe is guilty. She warns Joe to stop

251. Basic English is the way to acquire language. Its about rules & grammar. It is simplified and fundamental framework of English was formulated by I. A. Richards & C. K. Ogden. 252. Anita Desai wrote In Custody. 253.  Nayantara Sahgal wrote Rich Like Us. Sahgal was niece of Jawaharlal Nehru.  254. Arun Joshi is proponent of existentialism in India. He wrote The Last Labyrinth. 255. Kamala Markhandaya wrote The Nowhere Man. 256. The Great Gatsby was written in 1925. It tells about the Roaring Twenties, Jazz Age, Prohibition Act, hollowness of English society, etc. It's an American novel. 257. Beloved by Toni Morrison was written in 1987. Its an American novel. 258. The American Pastoral by Philip Roth was written in 1997. Its an American novel. 259. Sister Carrie by Theodere Dresseir  came in 1900. Its an American novel.  260. The plot of South African writer  Coetzee's  novel Life and Times of MMichael K.  unravels the narrative of a poor man of colour trying to surv

1. Ali is my friend. He is a writer. Ali who is my friend is a writer. 2. You insulted him. This is his complaint. This is his complaint that you insulted. 3. Where has he gone? Do you know it? Do you know where he has gone? 4. What are you making? Let me see. Let me see what you are making? 5. Don't overeat. You will be ill. Don't overeat or you will be ill. 6. She was ignorant of the matter. Her ignorance was complete. She was completely ignorant of the matter. 7. The man created the trouble. He was arrested by the police. The man who created the trouble was arrested by the police. 8. She is very sincere. Everybody in the college says this. Everybody in the college says that she is very sincere. 9. You can start the machine. You have to press the button. You can start the machine by pressing the button. 10. I have seen you somewhere. I can't remember where. I can't remember where I have seen you. 11. You turn these knobs. You can then open the box. You can open the bo

COMPOUND SENTENCE-CHARACTERESITICS Use conjunction Semi colon can be used too (19) Atleast 2 independent clauses are there. 2 verbs are needed 1. The enemy fled as soon as they saw us. A:- No sooner did the enemy saw us, then they fled. 2. Unless you work hard, you will fail. Or You must work hard to succeed. A:- Work hard or you will fail. 3. Having done his work he left the place. A:- He did his work and left the place. 4. If you try, you will succeed. A:- Try and you will succeed. 5. He is tall and strong. He is not only tall but also strong. 6. Coming home, he began to work. A:- He came home and began to work. 7. Inspite of his wealth, he is unhappy. A:- He is wealthy but unhappy. 8. Being guilty he went into hiding. A:- He was guilty and went into hiding. 9. The old man sat in a corner, eating. A:- The old man sat in a corner and ate. 10. Being lazy, he failed. A:- He was lazy and failed. 11. She came here to see me. A:- She came here and saw me. 12. Inspite of her hard work, the

1. She is a good girl. She is not a good girl. Is she a good girl? 2. They are going home tomorrow. They are not going home tomorrow. Are they going tomorrow? 3. I know your name. I do not know your name. Do I know your name? 4. She tried every plan. She left no plan untried. Did she try every plan? 5. As soon as she saw me, she began to quarrel. No sooner did she see me, then she began to quarrel. Did she begin to quarrel as soon as she saw me? 6. Only Amina can do the sum. None but Amina can do the sum. Can only Amina do the sum? 7. Everybody must admit that she is clever. Nobody can deny that she is clever. Should everybody admit that she is clever? 8. Only a liar can act like this. None but a liar can act like this. Can only a liar act like this? 9. I have come here for the last time. Never again shall I come here. Have I come here for the last time? 10. Every rose has a thorn. There is no rose without a thorn. Does every rose has a thorn? 11. I saw only husks and dust in the bag.

Rule = If+Not=Unless          =Unless=If+Not (13&14)          =If+Not+Not=Unless+Not(18,19,23,25) 1. You will be sick if you don't stop eating. A:- You'll be sick unless you stop eating. 2. I won't pay if you don't provide the goods immediately. A:- I won't pay unless you provide the goods immediately. 3. If you don't study well, you'll never understand grammar. A:- Unless you study well, you'll never understand grammar. 4. If she wasn't very ill, she would be at work. A:- Unless she was very ill, she would be at work. 5. I wouldn't eat if I wasn't hungry. A:- I wouldn't eat unless I was hungry. 6. She would be here by now if she wasn't stuck in college. A:- She would be here by now unless she was stuck in college. 7. Our teacher would not have signed the marksheet if she hadn't had an examiner present. A:- Our teacher would not have signed the marksheet unless she had had an examiner present. 8. I wouldn't have called her

1. Guwahati is the oldest city in the North-East. (Use the comparative degree of 'oldest') A:- Guwahati is older than any other cities in the North-East. 2. Hawking is the most famous scientist of this generation. (Use the comparative degree of 'famous') A:- Hawking is more famous than any other scientists of this generation. 3. No other girl in the class is as good as Roohi. (Use the superlative degree of 'good') A:- Roohi is the best girl in the class. 4. This is the best book on the subject. (To comparative) A:-This book is better than any other book on this subject. 5.  This is the best book on the subject on the subject. (To positive) A:- No other book is as good as this book on the subject. 6. This is the one of the easiest poems in the reader. (To comparative) A:- This poem is easier than many other poems in the reader. 7. This is the one of the easiest poems in the reader. (To positive) A:-  Very few other poems in the reader are as easy as this poem. 8.

1.The/on/forests/the/industry/oil/depends A:- The oil industry depends on the forests. 2.her misdeeds/for/she/shall/punished/be A:-She shall be punished for her misdeeds. 3.will be/flown/flag/the visiting/PM/in honour of A:-Flag will be flown in honour of the visiting PM. 4.doesn't/she/dare/her/master/to disobey A:-She doesn't dare to disobey her mother. 5.our neighbours/to love/we ought A:- We ought to love our neighbours. 6. See you again/I must/I leave/for Agra/before A:- I must see you again before I leave for Agra. 7. lest we/miss the train/should /a taxi/ we took. A:- We took a taxi lest we should miss the train. 8. I would /build/ I win/ if/ a school/the prize. A:- If I win the prize I would build a school. 9. Is my friend/the boy/in an accident / died/ whose father A:- The boy, whose father died in an accident is my friend. 10. I bought yesterday/the book/which/is lost. A:- The book which I bought yesterday is lost. 11. the /is/world /wrestling /oldest sports/in/the/one

1. I said to him, "What  are you doing? "(What/When). He said, "I am writing." 2. I asked, "What are you doing, Irene?" She replied, "I am writing a few essays as part of my preparation for the examination." (Preparing / preparation) 3. I  said to her, " How are you?"(How/when) She replied, "I'm fine. It's so nice to see you back in Sonai again. (Returned / back/ home) 4. She said to me, "Why are you late?"(why/where) I replied,"I'm not late. It's 10.00 by my watch. (In/by) 5. I said to Ali, " How is your business going?" (How/what) Ali replied, "Shall we meet later tonight to discuss it over dinner?" (Lunch/dinner) 6. I said to her, " What are you doing now?" (What/when) She replied, "I am writing a few essays as part of my preparation   for the examination." (Preparation/preparation) 7. She said to me, " Where does the woman live?" (Where/how) I said

1. Who is the poet? A:- Elizabeth Jennings is the poet of the poem "Father to Son." 2. Is it a personal poem? A:- The poem looks autobiographical. It describes the relationship between a father and his son. However, it has universal theme of the growing generation gap and lack of communication in between parents and children. 3. What is the rhyme-scheme? A:- The poem has four stanzas with six lines each. It has no consistent rhyme scheme. First two stanzas are ab ba ba. The third stanza has abc aba. Fourth stanza has abbcb as rhyming scheme. 4. What does the speaker say about father-son relationship? A:- The father-son relationship is in non functional state. They speak like strangers and exchange words very formally. Only, silence surrounds them. The father does not understand the aspirations, longings or cravings of the son. 5. Give examples of two lines which reflects the father-son relation. A:- "I don't know anything about him" and "We are surrounded b

201. Beatrice & Virgil guide  Dante in the climb of the Mount of Purgatory. In the climb, Dante discusses sin. Its an allegory. 202. The idea of Australia as "the lucky country" is in  Tim Winston's novel Cloudstreet. It is about Pickles and Lambs families. Its published in 1991. 203. The name of the only daughter of Paddy in the large family of Clearys in Collen McCullough's novel T he Thorn Birds is Megan. 204. The three sisters in Jokha Alharti's novel Celestial Bodies are Asma, Hamna and Khawla. Setting is Oman. 205. Mary Prince-The History of Mary Prince was the first narrative on the life of a black woman slave to the published in England in 1831. It has profound influence on the abolition movement in Britain. 206. The enigmatic castle which K. attempts to reach in vain in Franz Kafka's The Castle belongs to Count Westwest. 207. Baldassare Castiglione (1478-1529) wrote Il Cortegiano. The main themes are nature of graceful behaviour, especially the im

1. The Mughals won the battle of Panipat that take place in 1761. A- The Mughals won the battle of Panipat that took place in 1761. 2. Ayesha has be read since morning. A:- Ayesha has been reading since morning. 3. It is 7 O' clock. My father might have arrived now. A:- No correction 4. You look happy. You may have heard about your promotion. A:- You look happy. You must have heard about your promotion. 5. With a full license you are allowed to drive other car. A:- With a full license you are allowed to drive any car. 6. An brinjal is a fruit not an vegetable. A:- A brinjal is a fruit not a vegetable. 7. They are short of the money, you know. A:- They are short of money, you know. 8. I was given a memento by my hostelers. A:- No Correction 9. They may have been invited to the party. A:- They might have been invited to the party. 10. I will come home what I finished work. A:- I will come home when I finish work. 11. I should be very happy when you come to see me. A:- I will be very

🔵Tag Questions are confirmations. 🔵Auxiliary verb & pronouns are required 🔵In absence of auxiliary verb, DO verb is used checking the tense. 🔵With nouns, tag is not possible. 🔵If sentence is positive, tag has to be negative & vice versa. 🔵Apostrophe s can be he's or her's or has depending on the structure of the sentence. 🔵Contracted forms has to be used in tag 🔵Nobody, Neither, None, Nothing, Never, Little, Hardly, Rarely, Few, Scarely, Seldom, are considered negative words. 🔵Let's means doing it in 'near future.' So, with it (Shall) is used. Imperative sentences start with Let. Imperative sentences have no main verb. 🔵With positive or negative imperative sentences, 'Will' verb is used 🔵In 3rd person singular number in sentence, DO verb is used (No. 61) 🔵If had is used as main verb, then Do, Does, Did verb is used in tag (No. 62) 🔵 If there's us used with let, then shall we be the tag. (70) 🔵If there's them, me, them, him, her

1. Describe the circumstances that that led to the loss of the necklace by Mathilde.(5) 2. Give a brief synopsis of the short story "The Necklace."(5) 3. Who is the writer of "12 Million Black Voices?" What is the essay all about? What kind of journalism is highly used by the writer in the same essay? (2+6+2)

1-48 Present Simple He uploads videos. Affirmative  He doesn't upload videos. Negative  Does he upload videos? Interrogative  Does he not upload videos? Negative Interrogative  Past Simple He uploaded videos. Affirmative  He did not upload videos. Negative  Did he upload videos? Interrogative  Did he not upload videos? Negative Interrogative  Future Simple He will be uploading videos. Affirmative  He will not be uploading videos. Negative  Will he be uploading videos? Interrogative  Will he not be uploading videos? Negative Interrogative  Present Continuous He is uploading videos. Affirmative  He is not uploading videos. Negative  Is he uploading videos? Interrogative  Is he not/Isn't he uploading videos? Negative Interrogative  Past Continuous He was uploading videos. Affirmative  He was not uploading videos. Negative  Was he uploading videos? Interrogative  Was he not uploading videos?  Negative Interrogative  Future Continuous He will be uploading videos. Affirmative  He wil

1. "Arriving from... corpse."  Where was the speaker driving to? What did she notice when her mother sat beside her? Find 2 words which means 'Sleep Lightly' and 'Dead Body?' Why was her mother's face like that of a corpse? (Poem-My mother at Sixty-six) 2. Use verbs in correct tense form. i) If I were you, I ___ (not do) it. ii) He ___ (work) here since 2000. 3. Voice change i) Whom did you laugh at? ii) Shut the window. 4. i) The Bhupen Hazarika Xetu at Dhola Sadiya is the longest bridge in India. (Change it into Positive Degree) ii) A stone that is rolling gathers no moss. (Make it a simple sentence) 5. What are the 'merry spilling out of their homes' symbolic of? (2) 6. What is Keats message in "A thing of Beauty?"(2) 7. What is the exotic moment that the poet wishes in "Keeping Quiet?"(2) 8. How did the travellers on the highways react to the roadside stand?(2) 9. Why did Franz want to spend his day out of doors? (2) 10. Why

1. What is Amlit? A:- Amlit means American literature. 2. What is American Renaissance? A:- American Renaissance is a literary petiod that begins around 1830s and ends after the Civil War in 1865. It is a period full of cultural, religious, literary, political and geographical changes in America. The American Renaissance brought Dark Romanticism and Transcendentalism. Despite quite early political independence in 1776 from European colonizers, Amlit lately regained literary and cultural freedom in the 19th century American Renaissance times. 3. What are the characteresitics of American Renaissance? A:- Individualism, emotions, imagination and Nature are some of the recurrent characteresitics found in the literature of American Renaissance. 4. What is Individualism in American Renaissance? A:- Struggle for the frontier, Jacksonian Democracy and abolition of slavery and the stressing of 'I' themes covers the individualism in American Renaissance. 5. What is the imagination in Ame

1. Where is Tawang located?(1) 2)From which book of Elwin "A Pilgrimage to Tawang?"(1) 3) What is Getompa?(1) 4) What is the subtitle of 12 Million Black Voices?(1) 5) How many pictures are there in 12 Million Black Voices?(1) 6) Why Does Elwin call his journey to Tawang a pilgrimage? Explain.(8) 7) Elaborate the significance of the period on the Blacks as mentioned in "12 Million Black Voices." What did the photographs signify?(6+2) 8)Describe Verrier Elwin's journey from Charduar to Tawang.(8)

1. What is the rhyme-scheme of most of Emily Dickinson's poems?(1) 2. What does "Gazing Grain" indicate?(1) 3. Who is the Captain in Whitman's poem?(1) 4. In which season does the mending of the wall take place?(1) 5. When was the poem "The Road Not Taken" published?(1) 6. How are the stanzas divided in "Because I could not stop for death?"(1) 7. To which age did Emily Dickinson belong? What is the American Renaissance in Amlit?(2+6=8) 8. Write a critical appreciation of 'Mending Wall. "(8) 9. Discuss the central idea of the poem "Lady Lazarus."(8) 10. Discuss the central theme of the poem "O Captain! My Captain!"(8)

Can, Could, /May, Might, /Will, Would, /Shall, Should, /Must, Ought to, /Must, Have to, /Used to/Need/am/dare/did/is/... are examples of Modal Auxiliary. A Modal Verb indicates- ability, permission, request, capacity, suggestions, order, obligation, advice, possibility, intent, necessity, .... Dare & Need can be both modal verb or main verb. When the sentence is interrogative  then Dare or Need are in auxiliary or modal verb form. Modals are auxiliary (helper) verbs. They are not the main verbs. Modal Verbs are in first form (V1-Simple present tense in plural form. Verb is in plural form when s/es/ies... are NOT used) of the main verb in the sentence. EXAMPLES OF ERROR-FREE MODAL AUXILIARY VERBS SENTENCES:- 1. I (can)run 2 miles each morning. 2. You (must) remain clean. 3. I (might) go to college tomorrow. 4. Do you think it (will) benefit us? 5. My dadi (could) read this prayer easily. 6. I (used to) bake cake well earlier. 7. I (ought to) be there before 9 O' clock. (Be-1st f